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Nanoparticles / Nanocrystals / Nanoclusters (elements, boride, carbide, nitride, phosphide, oxide) |
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Nanoparticles / Nanocrystals / Nanoclusters / Nanopowders
(Nanoelements, Nanoalloys, Nanoborides, Nanocarbides, Nanonitrides, Nanophosphides, Nanosulphides, Nanooxides, Nanorare-earth oxides)
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Nanoparticle / Nanopowder Key Words:
Nanoparticle, nanopowder, Nanophase, nanocrystal, nanoparticle, nanodots, nanomaterial, nanostructure, molecular structure, granular crystals. nanoelements, nanoalloys, nanoborides, nanocarbides, nanonitrides, nanophosphides, nanosulphides, nanooxides, nanorare-earth oxides
- Nanoparticle / Nanopowder General Description:
A nanoparticle (which historically has included nanopowder, nanocluster, and nanocrystal) is a small particle with at least one dimension less than 100 nm. This definition can be fleshed out further in order to remove ambiguity from future nano nomemeclature. A nanoparticle is an amorphous or semicrystalline zero dimensional (0D) nano structure with at least one dimension between 10 and 100nm and a relatively large (? 15%) size dispersion. A nanocluster is an amorphous/semicrystalline nanostructure with at least one dimension being between 1-10nm and a narrow size distribution. This distinction is an extension of the term "cluster" which is used in inorganic/organometallic chemistry to indicate small molecular cages of fixed sizes. A nanopowder is an agglomeration of noncrystalline nanostructural subunits with at least one dimention less than 100nm. A nanocrystal is any nanomaterial with at least one dimension ? 100nm and that is singlecrystalline. Any particle which exhibits regions of crystllinity should be termed nanoparticle or nanocluster based on dimensions.
Alumina nanoparticles Aluminum nanoparticles Aluminum nitride nanoparticles Aluminum oxide nanoparticles, (alpha & gamma) Aluminum nitride nanoparticles Antimony oxide nanoparticles Antimony pentoxide nanoparticles Antimony tin oxide nanoparticles Barium sulfate nanoparticles Barium titanate nanoparticles Bismuth oxide nanoparticlesBoron nanoparticles Boron nitride nanoparticles Brass nanoparticles Calcium carbonate nanoparticles Calcium chloride nanoparticles Calcium oxide nanoparticles Carbon nanoparticles Carbon black nanoparticles Ceramic nanoparticles Ceria nanoparticles Ceria nanoparticles, samarium doped Cerium nanoparticles Cerium oxide nanoparticles Chromium oxide nanoparticles (CrO3 & Cr2O3) Cobalt nanoparticles Cobalt iron oxide nanoparticles Cobalt oxide nanoparticles (CoO & Co3O4) Cobalt-zinc iron oxide nanoparticles Copper nanoparticles Copper oxide nanoparticles Copper oxide nanoparticles (Cu0) Diamond nanoparticles Dysprosium oxide nanoparticles Erbium oxide nanoparticles Europium oxide nanoparticles Ferric oxide nanoparticles, amorphous Fluorescent nanoparticles Gadolinium oxide nanoparticles Gold nanoparticles Graphite nanoparticles Hafnium oxide nanoparticles Hastelloy nanoparticles (C276) Hematite nanoparticles (Fe2O3)- (alpha, beta, amorphous, epsilon, and gamma) Indium nanoparticles Indium hydroxide nanoparticles Indium oxide nanoparticles Indium tin oxide nanoparticles Iron nanoparticles Iron-cobalt alloy nanoparticles Iron-nickel alloy nanoparticles Iron oxide nanoparticles Iron oxide nanoparticles, Fe203 (alpha & gamma) Iron oxide nanoparticles, Fe304 Iron oxide nanoparticles, transparent Iron sulphide nanoparticles Lanthanum nanoparticles Lanthanum oxide nanoparticles Lead oxide nanoparticles Lithium manganese oxide nanoparticles Lithium titanate nanoparticles Lithium titanium oxide nanoparticles Lithium vanadium oxide nanoparticles Luminescent nanoparticles Magnesia nanoparticles Magnesium nanoparticles Magnesium oxide nanoparticles Magnetic nanoparticles Magnetite nanoparticles (Fe3O4) Manganese nanoparticles Manganese oxide nanoparticles Molybdenum nanoparticles Molybdenum oxide nanoparticles Montmorillonite clay nanoparticle Nanoparticle dispersions Nanodots Nanometals Nanoparticle oxide suspensions Nanoparticles, conductive Nanoparticles, custom chemistry Nanoparticles, doped Nanoparticles, lubricant grades, spherical Nanoparticles, magnetic Nanoparticles, other Nanoshells Nanowire Neodymium oxide nanoparticles Nickel nanoparticles Nickel iron oxide nanoparticles Nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiO & Ni2O3) Nickel- titanium nanoparticles Nickel- zinc iron oxide nanoparticles Niobia nanoparticles Niobium nanoparticles Niobium oxide nanoparticles Palladium nanoparticles Platinum nanoparticles Platinum - silver nanoparticles Praseodymium oxide nanoparticles Ruthenium nanoparticles Samarium oxide nanoparticles Silica nanoparticles Silicon nanoparticles Silicon carbide nanoparticles, (beta & amorphous) Silicon dioxide nanoparticles, (fused & quartz) Silicon nitride nanoparticles, (alpha & amorphous) Silicon nitride- Yttrium oxide nanoparticles Silicon nitride- Yttrium oxide- Aluminum oxide nanoparticles Silicon oxide nanoparticles (SiOx & SiO2) Silver nanoparticles Specialty nanoparticles Stainless steel nanoparticles (316L) Strontium carbonate nanoparticles Strontium titanate nanoparticles Talc nanoparticles Tantalum nanoparticles Terbium oxide nanoparticles Tin nanoparticles Tin oxide nanoparticles Titania nanoparticles Titanium nanoparticles Titanium carbide nanoparticles Titanium carbonitride nanoparticles Titanium diboride nanoparticles Titanium dioxide nanoparticles, anatase grade Titanium dioxide nanoparticles, rutile grade Titanium nitride nanoparticles Titanium oxide nanoparticles Tungsten nanoparticles Tungsten carbide nanoparticles Tungsten carbide- cobalt nanoparticles Tungsten oxide nanoparticles Vanadium oxide nanoparticles (VO, V2O3 & V2O5) Yellow iron oxide nanoparticles Yttria nanoparticles Yttria stabilized zirconia nanoparticles Yttrium nanoparticles Yttrium- aluminum oxide nanoparticles Yttrium oxide nanoparticles Zinc nanoparticles Zinc iron oxide nanoparticles Zinc oxide nanoparticles Zinc sulfide nanoparticles Zirconia nanoparticles Zirconium nanoparticles Zirconium dioxide nanoparticles (Monoclinic or CaO, CeO2 & Y2O3 stabilized) Zirconium oxide nanoparticles Zirconium silicate nanoparticles
Other chemistries can be custom manufactured to your chemical specification
3 to 400 nanometers
1) Nanostructures, coatings, and fillers
2) Some of the most successful commercial applications effective October 2007 are:
• Drug delivery - nanoparticles for Absorption through the skin and eyes (far more pleasant than injections), and for inhalation, to avoid stomach enzymes - which fortunately don't exist in the lungs - destroying drugs; nanocapsules for delayed release; and dendrimers for drug delivery.
• Solar energy - tougher, more efficient solar cells are already under development, with the promise of drastic cost reductions on the horizon. Some will even produce hydrogen.
• Fuel cells - the NEC hopes to have these on the market in 2003/2004, though let's see what happens the next time I try to take enough methanol on a plane from Madrid to Tokyo to run my laptop, PDA and MP3 player.
• Display technologies and e-paper - a competitive area, with e-paper and carbon-nanotube-based field-emission displays expected to be slugging it out with liquid-crystal displays (with carbon-nanotube-based backlights, of course) in the next two years.
• Nanotubes - both as raw materials and as products. Multiwalled nanotubes, the cheap and dirty kind, are already going into composites, producing not much in terms of structural improvements but increasing Conductivity at much lower filler loads. Single-walled nanotubes will have a much bigger effect in the longer term.
• Catalysis - or old nanotech as people in the industry call it. This has a huge potential geopolitical impact, especially after recent developments in the energy business.
• Nanocomposites - mainly clay-based for structural applications(increased strength) or with novel properties. These are already penetrating the automotive and aerospace industries.
• Storage technologies - watch out for Millipede, magnetic random access memory (RAM), nanotube RAM and terabyte hard drives in the next few years.
• Nanocrystalline bulk materials, or steels containing nanoparticulates - some companies are already using steel with nanoparticulate carbon added during the rolling process.
• Coatings - extra hard or with special properties, such as being electrochromic or self-cleaning, are under investigation by everyone from car manufacturers to architects.
• Sensors - bio and chemical sensors made from nanowires andnanotubes are hot property following the September 11 plane crashes.
• Bioanalysis - devices using atomic force microscopes and quantum dots are already being readied for market.
• Textiles - nanofibres in stain-resistant trousers are already available, with electrospun nanofibres and nanotube-enhanced fibers coming soon.
nanoparticle, nanophase powder, nanoparticles. nanopowders, nanophase powder, nanocrystal powder, molecular structure, granular crystals, nanoceramic, nanowire, nanotube, metal, oxide, carbide, boride
Varies
Varies. For further information please call the E.P.A. at +1.202.554.1404
Before using, user shall determine the suitability of the product for its intended use, and user assumes all risk and liability whatsoever in connection therewith.
The Foresight Institute
Nanotechnology Journal
Nano Technology Magazine
Japanese Nanotechnology
Atomic Structure of Nanocrystalline Materials
Excellent Nano Links
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